Team+Nicole

Section 1

B) Wrong: passage is a continuation of statement above, not it's own unique argument C) Correct: passage shifts from narration of past events and beliefs to directly addressing the audience with rhetorical questions D) Wrong: passage merely supports previous argument with evidence, not a new argument E) Wrong: passage merely supports previous argument with evidence, not a new argument || B) Wrong: Wallis is the only one of the people worried with grammar, because the others don't apply, this is wrong C) No historical events were even mentioned by these people D) Wrong: *this was a distraction. The wording is confusing, but ends up saying the opposite of the correct answer. None of the people were hostile to word rejections, but hostilely rejected words E) Correct: it is obvious that none of them wanted word changes || B)Wrong: the sentence is still talking about language. C) Wrong: the attitude towards the argument has not changed D) Wrong: *distraction* however the writer did not approach the argument, he is just expanding his argument. E) Wrong: there is no contrasts between the languages || B) Wrong: writer likes the old ways of english and word usage C) Wrong: diction errors are never brought up D) Wrong: *distraction* the writer tries to talk about getting rid of cliches but it is not talking about the cliche words at this moment. E) Wrong: There is no comparison between two things || B) Wrong: The word was chopstick and now is chopsticked hence, noun to verb C) Wrong: the word is not an adjective D) Wrong: the word was used by native English speakers E) Wrong: *distraction* this answer is correct, but the argument is not how foreign words are becoming in the English language || function of this question is have the reader examine a specific portion of the text and to find “hidden” information through context clues such as the author’s tone or choice of wording. To answer this question, one must have a declarative knowledge of how to read between lines and pick up the context clues necessary to eliminate the questions that are not rational. The procedure for answering this question is to reread or skim the paragraph in question and to focus on people who would ‘strictly follow rules of the English language’ and how they feel about it. || A) Wrong: *distraction. While it is noted that people do not to sound uneducated, never does the passage comment on being timid or afraid of correcting others B) Wrong: it is obviously implied that the group who are strict about following English do not want people to be creative with the language C) Wrong: the people do not want to break social etiquette, if anything they do not want to be anything other than socially normal D) Wrong: never is the flexibility of the English language compared to another language in paragraph 3 E) Correct: If anything, this group of people fears to be “identified with the kind of people who use it” incorrectly, and don’t want to be seen as “pretentious or uneducated” || function of this paragraph is to have the reader closely examine paragraphs three and four to analyze the rhetorical strategies with which the author sets up his information. Declarative knowledge that the reader must have is the ability to recognize the different strategies that the author uses and to use the strategy of elimination to pick the best answer. Procedurally, the reader should read paragraphs not for content but for type of information. Then, compare this fresh knowledge with the answer options to find the best answer. ||< A)Wrong: this option makes no sense, evidence does not accumulate at all B) Correct: paragraph 3 begins with the effects of English on their image in society and then eventually broadens to reflecting on the English language in other countries C) Wrong: begins with the usage of verbs as nouns to American spelling compared to spelling in Australia, nothing about annoyed spelling changes D) Wrong: there were no examples of social concord, only problems of discord E) Wrong: the world of business was never even mentioned || || A) Wrong: If anything this is the opposite of the truth. Politic pride makes the language change, not survive. B) Correct: the “reactions of many Australians toward the current Americanis/zation of their beloved “Aussie lingo”” are different to those of Americans, nationalism does influence reactions to linguistic changes. C) Wrong: this paragraph is about social reactions to linguistic changes, not generalizations of a language D) Wrong: this entire paragraph concerns the present use of the English language, not the past at all E) Wrong. While the passage does not that America is a dominant nation, it’s changes in English are not compared in quantity to any other country. || B) Incorrect: Alfred the Great and the context in which he is mentioned has no connection to how politics affect language, which is what the Australia example was illustrating. C) Incorrect: Alfred the Great's view is never compared to those of contemporary leaders. D) Incorrect: Alfred the Great was never mentioned to have changed language, nor was he around during the earliest changes to the English language. E) Incorrect: Alfred the Great's potential views on language do not resemble Noah Webster's in any way. || B) Incorrect: The air toward America that was portrayed was one of hostility, not longing to please. C) Incorrect: This is a distractor, as the passage does display contempt. However, it was never said that the American usage was incorrect in any way. D) Correct: The passage implied that the reason for the hostility toward American usage was one of cultural and economic disagreements. E) Incorrect: The passage did not imply that other countries believed that their usage would prevail, merely that they disliked the American usage. || B) is incorrect because there is no indication the author feels a strong sense of loss. C) is incorrect because the author’s opinion of changes are that they are “part of the richness and versatility of the language”, which means he would not disdain those who agree with the changes in the language. D) i s correct because the author says “The future for english has never looked so good.”, which shows optimism. The author’s interest in the past history of the language demonstrated through his thorough knowledge of historic changes. E) is incorrect because the author makes no reference to the accuracy of the expressions, but only the changes in them. || B) is incorrect because there is nothing to suggest a secretive or private tone. On the contrary, the author mentions an incident in a public restaurant. C) impressionistic implies that the author makes an impression on the reader. Although this is true to a limited extent, an impressionistic tone would imply subjective rather than objective arguments, and the author is quite objective D) thoughtful and playful is correct. The author shows playfulness when the author says “Will this sentence catch on? Time will tell.” in a humorous imitation of an often-used term. However the author also puts forward deep ideas about the reasons behind the changes in the english language, indicating a thoughtful tone. E) moralistic and rigid is incorrect. The author does not resist the changes in the English Language. ||
 * = Question Number ||= Function/ Declarative Knowledge/Procedural Knowledge ||< Why Each Answer Option is Right or Wrong ||
 * = 1 ||= The function of this question is to have the reader demonstrate knowledge of understanding shifts in an argument, and to apply this knowledge. Before reading the question, the reader must have a pre-existing understanding of tone in order to recognize shifts, as well as how to recognize an argumental shift. Both will help the reader answer the question correctly. Procedurally, the reader will reread the text examples given and skim the text for major arguments, while paying close attention to paragraph openers and changes in tone. ||< A) Wrong: passage is a continuation of statement above, not it's own unique argument
 * = 2 ||= The function of this question is to force the reader to make connections with unconnected pieces of the text and to combine them with background information and data given to create a new, unwritten, observation about the author and his opinions. Before reading the question, the reader must have a pre-existing understanding of tone, the ability of reading-in-between-the-lines by picking up context clues from the author's choice of wording, and the knowledge to do so easily and quickly. Procedurally, the reader will need to recognize the author's opinion by returning to the text and examining quotes given in the answer options. If only one of the people quoted does not fall in an answer, it must be wrong. Process of elimination is very important in this question. ||< A) Wrong: none of the people discuss word origin, rather, current word use
 * = 3 ||= The function of the question is to analyze the usage of the word hygienist in the text that was previously read, also to understand why the word chosen. Before answering the question the reader must have a basic knowledge of what the word means through context clue around the word, even if the reader does not know the meaning of the word beforehand, he or she should be able to identify a basic meaning from context clue. to answer the question the reader has to reread the sentence and to interpret the word and then go through the choices and use process of elimination. ||< A)Correct: the word hygienists is used as a humor towards people who are trying to clean the english language.
 * = 4 ||= The function of the question is see why the writer chose the word was chosen in the passage. Before answer the question the reader once again must be able to identify the meaning and usage of the word in the passage, same as the question before. To answer the question you once again need to read the word with the surrounding text and see if any of the answers match up with the usage of the word. ||< A) Correct: the whole article is about how the usage of words are changed from the old days
 * = 5 ||= The function of the question is to see if the reader is able to identify why the following example was used at the given moment. To answer this question, the reader must have a basic knowledge of understand what the passage is trying to express with the example. To actually answer the question the reader must go back to the original text to see where the example is used and how it is portrayed among the text, then using process of elimination he or she picks the right answer from the choices below. ||< A) Wrong: There is no context about if the word will stick around or not
 * = 6 || The
 * = 7 || The
 * = 8 ||= The function of this multiple choice question is to have the reader closely examine a part of a text and to look for submissive themes in the text that are not said out specifically. The reader must know how to collect information cognitively and then apply it to identify the best answer of the options given before even reading the passage. Procedurally, the reader should familiarize themselves with the passage in question and then review the question options, while looking out for any answers that are recognizable as true or logical.
 * = 9 ||= This question is used to determine if students can analyze the purpose of a certain example used in the text. In order to answer the question, one needs to know what purposes the quote has, as well as how the quote connects to other parts of the text. One also needs to be able to determine what message the author wishes to convey, as well as the opinions of the person cited in order to be able to answer the question. ||< A) Correct: Alfred the Great is cited as an example to the statement in the first five lines that people may be both fascinated and appalled by changes in language.
 * = 10 ||= The function of this question is to determine if test takers can extrapolate a larger idea from a given example. In order to answer the question, one needs to know what the example indicated about the subject matter. One must also know how to interpret the actions of a people and translate them into reasons that would make sense in context. ||< A) Incorrect: there is no mention in the quoted passage that dislike towards American spellings was indicative of a wish to return to a simpler time.
 * = 11 ||= This question is about the main idea and the function is to determine how well the reader perceives the attitude and tone of the author. To answer the question, one needs to know the meaning of the word ‘attitude’ and be able to identify the attitude of the author. Procedurally, one must first read the passage, find clues such as “The future for english has never looked so good.”, and correctly identify the attitude as “optimism”. ||< A) is incorrect because nowhere is Alfred the Great or Chauncer or other early scholars praised and regarded highly.
 * = 12 ||= This question is about the overall rhetoric of the passage and its function is to determine how well the reader can identify tone. To answer the question, one must know what it means to be confidential, impressionistic, and moralistic. They must also be able to identify words that signify tone. Procedurally, the reader must read the passage, picking out sentences like “Will this sentence catch on? Time will tell.”. Then they must determine which tones are expressed and which are not by the sentence, eliminating the incorrect choices. ||< A) is incorrect because the author’s claims are more subtle and unlikely to be stunning and dramatic. For example, the sentence “Words carry with them a lot of social baggage” is hardly controversial or dramatic.
 * = 13 ||= This question is about the rhetorical strategies used in the passage and challenges the reader to correctly identify them. In order to successfully answer the question, one must know what rhetorical questions and the other devices are, how to identify them, and be able to select the correct letter that includes all the rhetorical devices present. Procedurally, one should begin by reading the arguments in the passage. Then, be able to efficiently search and find each of the rhetorical devices if present. ||< I is present "Will this verb catch on?"

II is also present "prefix or suffix"

III Jonathan Swift is quoted "loose morals"

IV different time periods are shown: "In 1653", "In 1755", "language of Chauncer, over five hundred years ago"

Since all four are present, E is the correct answer || B) Incorrect: The author illustrates no specific side or cause that he would be ally to. C) Incorrect: While the author references a number of angry critics, he himself does not critique any of them, and does not express anger in his few corrections. D) Incorrect: A colleague would imply a specific person that the author was talking to instead of a general audience. E) Incorrect: While his impartiality may make him seem aloof, the author imparts no judgement on the matter, merely makes commentary on it. ||
 * = 14 ||= The purpose of this question is to determine if the reader can analyze the tone and method of approach that the author employs. In order to answer the question, one must be able to understand what each of the examples given would sound like as a narrator, as well as some rhetorical devices that would indicate such a narrator. One must also be able to determine how the words individually and as a whole convey tone. ||< A) Correct: The author displays an impressive amount of background knowledge and examples about the topic, while remaining relatively unbiased.