Olivia+and+Susmita

 But at that moment I glanced round at the crowd that had followed me. It was an immense crowd, two thousand at the least and growing every minute. It blocked the road for a long distance on either side. I looked at the sea of yellow faces above the garish clothes-faces all happy and excited over this bit of fun, all certain that the elephant was going to be shot. They were watching me as they would watch a conjurer about to perform a trick. They did not like me, but with the magical rifle in my hands I was momentarily worth watching. And suddenly I realized that I should have to shoot the elephant after all. The people expected it of me and I had got to do it; I could feel their two thousand wills pressing me forward, irresistibly. And it was at this moment, as I stood there with the rifle in my hands, that I first grasped the hollowness, the futility of the white man's dominion in the East. Here was I, the white man with his gun, standing in front of the unarmed native crowd--seemingly the leading actor of the piece; but in reality I was only an absurd puppet pushed to and fro by the will of those yellow faces behind. I perceived in this moment that when the white man turns tyrant it is his own freedom that he destroys. He becomes a sort of hollow, posing dummy, the conventionalized figure of a sahib. For it is the condition of his rule that he shall spend his life in trying to impress the "natives," and so in every crisis he has got to do what the "natives" expect of him. He wears a mask, and his face grows to fit it. I had got to shoot the elephant. I had committed myself to doing it when I sent for the rifle. A sahib has got to act like a sahib; he has got to appear resolute, to know his own mind and do definite things. To come all that way, rifle in hand, with two thousand people marching at my heels, and then to trail feebly away, having done nothing--no, that was impossible. The crowd would laugh at me. And my whole life, every white man's life in the East, was one long struggle not to be laughed at.  But I did not want to shoot the elephant. I watched him beating his bunch of grass against his knees, with that preoccupied grandmotherly air that elephants have. It seemed to me that it would be murder to shoot him. At that age I was not squeamish about killing animals, but I had never shot an elephant and never wanted to. (Somehow it always seems worse to kill a large animal.) Besides, there was the beast's owner to be considered. Alive, the elephant was worth at least a hundred pounds; dead, he would only be worth the value of his tusks, five pounds, possibly. But I had got to act quickly. I turned to some experienced-looking Burmans who had been there when we arrived, and asked them how the elephant had been behaving. They all said the same thing: he took no notice of you if you left him alone, but he might charge if you went too close to him. It was perfectly clear to me what I ought to do. I ought to walk up to within, say, twenty-five yards of the elephant and test his behavior. If he charged, I could shoot; if he took no notice of me, it would be safe to leave him until the mahout came back. But also I knew that I was going to do no such thing. I was a poor shot with a rifle and the ground was soft mud into which one would sink at every step. If the elephant charged and I missed him, I should have about as much chance as a toad under a steam-roller. But even then I was not thinking particularly of my own skin, only of the watchful yellow faces behind. For at that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as I would have been if I had been alone. A white man mustn't be frightened in front of "natives"; and so, in general, he isn't frightened. The sole thought in my mind was that if anything went wrong those two thousand Burmans would see me pursued, caught, trampled on and reduced to a grinning corpse like that Indian up the hill. And if that happened it was quite probable that some of them would laugh. That would never do.  There was only one alternative. I shoved the cartridges into the magazine and lay down on the road to get a better aim. The crowd grew very still, and a deep, low, happy sigh, as of people who see the theatre curtain go up at last, breathed from innumerable throats. They were going to have their bit of fun after all. The rifle was a beautiful German thing with cross-hair sights. I did not then know that in shooting an elephant one would shoot to cut an imaginary bar running from ear-hole to ear-hole. I ought, therefore, as the elephant was sideways on, to have aimed straight at his ear-hole, actually I aimed several inches in front of this, thinking the brain would be further forward.
 * The following passage in an excerpt taken from //Shooting An Elephant// written by George Orwell **

1. The sentence from the first paragraph, “ I looked at the sea of yellow faces above the garish clothes-faces …” (line 3) demonstrates which of the following?  A. Simile B. Metaphor C. Personification D. Oxymoron E. Hyperbole

2. In paragraph 2 line 4-5, the added note “(Somehow it always seems worse to kill a large animal.)” holds which purpose?  A. To provide information on his view on shooting the elephant B. Create a personal connection with the reader C. Describe Orwell’s thought process while he was debating whether to shoot the elephant D. Express his own opinion to the reader E. To provide factual information on the topic

3. Orwell’s view on shooting the elephant could be best described as:  A. Inhumane B. Contemplative C. Ambivalent D. Regretful E. Malevolent

4. In line 14 paragraph one, the word “sahib” most nearly means:  A. Foreigner B. Hunter C. Native D. Person with higher power E. Wealthy person

5. In paragraph one, in regards to shooting the elephant, the author is mostly concerned with: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. His safety B. The natives C. His reputation D. The elephant E. His pride

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">6. One could infer from the fifth paragraph that the author was: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Inexperienced at hunting B. Fearful of shooting the animal C. Unknowledgeable with guns D. Not skilled in shooting elephants E. Does not want to conform to societal standards

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">7. Which of the following best summarizes the main point of the passage? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Conforming to society B. The decision to shoot an elephant is difficult C. Police duty D. Moral consciousness E. Respect of nature

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">8. The antecedent for “they”(line 30) is: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. The natives B. The elephants C. The white men D. The policemen E. The Burmans

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">9. In paragraph three, lines 1-4, the tone could be best described as, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Cautious B. Informative C. Apathetic D. Contemplative E. Malicious

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Still, whatever we want to call it, the difference between the two Clintons in what they were doing that day is real, and it is instantly recognizable. And since seeing those photos I have been wondering, Why, exactly, do so many women throw "like a girl"? If the motion were easy to change, presumably a woman as motivated and self-possessed as Hillary Clinton would have changed it. (According to her press secretary, Lisa Caputo, Mrs. Clinton spent the weekend before opening day tossing a ball in the Rose Garden with her husband, for practice.) Presumably, too, the answer to the question cannot be anything quite as simple as, Because they are girls. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A surprising number of people think that there is a structural difference between male and female arms or shoulders--in the famous "rotator cuff," perhaps--that dictates different throwing motions. "It's in the shoulder joint," a well-educated woman told me recently. "They're hinged differently." Someday researchers may find evidence to support a biological theory of throwing actions. For now, what you'll hear if you ask an orthopedist, an anatomist, or (especially) the coach of a women's softball team is that there is no structural reason why men and women should throw in different ways. This point will be obvious to any male who grew up around girls who liked to play baseball and became good at it. It should be obvious on a larger scale this summer, in broadcasts of the Olympic Games. This year, for the first time, women's fast-pitch softball teams will compete in the Olympics. Although the pitchers in these games will deliver the ball underhand, viewers will see female shortstops, center fielders, catchers, and so on pegging the ball to one another at speeds few male viewers could match. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Even women's tennis is a constant if indirect reminder that men's and women's shoulders are "hinged" the same way. The serving motion in tennis is like a throw--but more difficult, because it must be coordinated with the toss of the tennis ball. The men in professional tennis serve harder than the women, because they are bigger and stronger. But women pros serve harder than most male amateurs have ever done, and the service motion for good players is the same for men and women alike. There is no expectation in college or pro tennis that because of their anatomy female players must "serve like a girl." "I know many women who can throw a lot harder and better than the normal male," says Linda Wells, the coach of the highly successful women's softball team at Arizona State University. "It's not gender that makes the difference in how they throw."
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The following passage in an excerpt taken from //Throwing Like a Girl// written by James Fallows **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">10. The tone of this passage is: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Informative B. Flippant C. Unbiased D. Critical E. Intense

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">11. The author uses Clinton to introduce the topic to: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Provide historical background B. Use a relevant anecdote C. Share an important fact D. Foreshadow the rest of the passage E. Explain a personal experience

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">12. The purpose of the clipped quote, "It's in the shoulder joint," a well-educated woman told me recently. "They're hinged differently." (line 11) in paragraph two is <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. To support a previous stated claim B. To provide factual evidence C. To make a connection with the reader D. Create the tone E. To provide an outside opinion

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">13. The author uses, “A surprising number of people think that there is a structural difference between male and female arms or shoulders.” (line 16) to: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Provide a connection to history B. Create a sarcastic tone C. Demonstrate knowledge on the topic D. Provide scientific evidence presented by opposers E. To introduce another argument

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">14. Fallows wrote "serve like a girl" in order to: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. State his opinion on the topic B. Exaggerate the social stigma on women athletes C. Create a biased tone on the subject D. Expand on previous claims made throughout the passage E. State gender stereotypes in athletic sports

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">15. In a formally written passage, the sentence in line 15-16 - “This point will be obvious to any male who grew up around girls who liked to play baseball and became good at it.” - would probably be: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Edited out of the passage B. Include figurative language C. Change the structural integrity of the sentence D. Rewrite the sentence with a formal approach E. Include a clipped quote to reinforce argument

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">16. The overall topic of the passage is: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. The validity of the phrase “throw like a girl” B. The exploration of the science behind a female’s throw C. Human anatomy in relation to sports D. Sexism in professional sports E. The thought process behind choosing olympic sports

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> The word “addiction” is often used loosely and wryly in conversation. People will refer to themselves as “mystery book addicts” or “cookie addicts.” E.B. White writes of his annual surge of interest in gardening: “We are hooked and are making an attempt to kick the habit.” Yet nobody really believes that reading mysteries or ordering seeds by catalogue is serious enough to be compared with addictions to heroin or alcohol. The word “addiction” is here used jokingly to denote a tendency to overindulge in some pleasurable activity. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> People often refer to being “hooked on TV.” Does this, too, fall into the lighthearted category of cookie eating and other pleasures that people pursue with usual intensity, or is there a kind of television viewing that falls into the more serious category of destructive addiction? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> When we think about addiction to drugs or alcohol, we frequently focus on negative aspects, ignoring the pleasures that accompany drinking or drug-taking. And yet the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit of pleasure, a search for a “high” that normal life does not supply. It is only the inability to function without the addictive substance that is dismaying, the dependence of the organism upon a certain experience and an increasing inability to function normally without it. Thus a person will take two or three drinks at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking provides, but also because he “doesn’t feel normal” without them. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> An addict does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to experience it in order to function normally. He needs to repeat it again and again. Something about that particular experience makes life without it less than complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences are no longer possible, for under the spell of the addictive experience, his life is peculiarly distorted. The addict craves an experience and yet is never satisfied. The organism may be temporarily sated, but soon it begins to crave again. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Finally a serious addiction is distinguished from a harmless pursuit of pleasure by its distinctly destructive elements. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a damaged life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Similarly an alcoholic’s life is narrowed and dehumanized by his dependence on alcohol.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The following passage in an excerpt taken from //TV Addiction// written by Marie Winn **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">17. The speaker’s attitude toward “addiction to drugs or alcohol” in line 10 is: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Skeptic B. Apathetic C. Objective D. Judgemental E. Cynical

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18. In lines 17-18, the author asserts that a true addict will most likely: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Lead a non detrimental life B. Stay an addict due to cravings and dependency C. Keep up their habits for pleasure D. Have normalcy for a long period of time without intake E. Be unaddicted after they get their fix

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">19. It can be inferred by the question, “Does this, too, fall into the lighthearted category of cookie eating and other pleasures that people pursue with usual intensity, or is there a kind of television viewing that falls into the more serious category of destructive addiction?”(lines 7-9) that author is: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Questioning the characteristics of addiction B. Presenting different views on watching television C. Comparison people that watch television to the likes of an alcoholic or a drug addict D. Introduction to TV addiction E. Inquiring if the act of watching television is as detrimental as drug addiction

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">20. What literary device is employed in lines 11-13 in the sentence,”And yet the essence of any...a search for a “high” that normal life does not supply” ? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Allegory B. Hyperbole C. Amplification D. Juxtaposition E. Satire

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">21. A shift in tone occurs in lines 21-22 (“ The addict craves...but soon it begins to crave again.”) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">of the passage to: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Underscore an addict’s spontaneous behavior B. Dehumanize addicts because of their inability to resist cravings <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> C. Explain addictive behavior <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> D. Enforce the differences between TV “addiction” and drug addiction E. Compare cravings to pleasurable experience

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">22. The subject of the sentence in lines 5-6 is: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Characterization of a TV addict B. An unaltered definition of the term “addict” <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> C. The point of view for the word “addiction” used in the previous lines <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> D. The common denotation of a widely used term E. The author’s personal view and opinion

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">23. What is the effect of the frequently used quotation marks throughout the passage? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Provide direct quotes B. Hyperbolate the misuse of the term “addiction” C. Inform the reader of common misconceptions of addicts D. Give examples of how people often incorrectly state an addiction E. Provide common references to watching TV

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">24. The author wrote, “Something about that particular experience makes life without it less than complete”(lines 18-19) to: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Emphasize the importance of an addict’s first encounter with drugs/alcohol <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> B. Question the lifestyle of an addict C. State what defines a true addict D. Provide evidence that addicts cannot live without drugs E. Underscore how an encounter with drugs can change the life of a normal person

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">25. The overall purpose of this passage is to: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Sway the reader to have a different opinion B. Inform the reader of how people commonly use the term “addict” C. Provide a controversial argument D. Exemplify how drug addicts lose all control of their life E. Inform the reader of the author’s personal encounters

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Answer Key: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. D <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">3. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">4. A <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">5. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">6. D <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">7. A <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">8. E <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">9. D <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">10. E <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">11. B <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">12. A <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">13. D <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">14. B <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">15. D <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">16. A <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">17. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18. B <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">19. E <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">20. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">21. B <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">22. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">23. D <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">24. C <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">25. B