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A brief look into why time is always changing

How Special Relativity Works by John Zavisa

Space, time, and matter are what make up our universe. Space is the "three dimensional representation of everything we observe and everything that occurs" time is used to measure events that happen within space while everything that is being measured by time in space is made of matter (Zavisa). Everything that is made out of matter has mass except for photons which are made of energy. Mass never changes but your weight does which is caused by the force of gravity. If you change the force then you change your weight but the only way to change to force permanently is to move to another planet because earths gravity isn't going to change. Energy according to  physics is the "measure of a system's ability to perform work" (Zavisa). Energy cant be created or destroyed only converted into a different type of energy. Light act as both particles and waves the particle form is called photons which are packets of energy and the wave form is called electromagnetic radiation this according to  John Zavisa is called duality. All these things are happening in your reference frame which is "where a person happens to be standing" (Zavisa). Reference frames make a big difference because one this could be completely different in one then the other. If someone was watching me walk then from their reference frame i'm moving and they're standing still but from my reference frame they are moving and i'm standing still. This is why there "is no such thing as an absolute reference frame in our universe" because both statements are true depending on which reference frame you are looking from (Zavisa). Using reference frames Einstein suggests that "the laws of physics hold true for all frames of reference" and "the speed of light measures as constant in all frames of reference" (Zavisa). What this means is that no matter what reference frame you are looking out of the laws of physics don't change and the speed of light doesn't change. Lets say that you are driving in a car and another car passes you at the same speed in the opposite direction. You see it traveling much faster then you because the two velocity vectors are being added together. Everything outside of your window is traveling in the opposite direction at 60mph now a car passes you traveling 60mph already so your brain added 60 + 60 and the car looks like its traveling at 120mph. So what happens when light is coming out of your head lights while your already traveling 60mph if you add them together you would get something that is greater then the speed of light which is impossible. Since velocity is distance/time then one of them has to be changing. Actually both of them are changing in order to not travel faster the speed of light the length of the object that is traveling gets shorter. The closer you are to the speed of light the shorter length wise you get. If you're traveling at the speed of light then your "length shrinks to nothing" (Zavisa). According to Einstein this is called length contraction. The same thing happens with time. The closer you are to the speed of light the slower time appears to be for anyone outside of your reference frame. If your traveling at the speed of light in your car and you have a clock in there then the clock will be running normally and your length will look like it hasn't changes. If someone outside the car looks at you then the time on the clock would have stopped and your length would be 0 so it would look like you disappeared. The change in time is called time dilation. Using these concepts Einstein came up with the equation E=M(C^2) which means that Energy of an object is equal to its rest mass time the speed of light squared. Since the speed of light never changes Energy and mass are proportional to each other. This means that if you increase energy you increase mass and mass can be turned into energy and energy can be turned into mass. In conclusion time slows the faster you get and length decrease the faster you get according to your reference frame.

Works cited

Zavisa, John. "How Special Relativity Works." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks.com, 01 Apr. 2000. Web. 04 June 2014. .